Relationship between IQ and GPA Essay

In this investigation, connection between Intelligence Quotients (IQ) and Grade Point Average (GPA), the relationship is solid. Relationship is known to be a positive. The significance of this connection is the connection between the Intelligence Quotients (IQ) and the Grade Point Average (GPA). This relationship infers that person with high Intelligence Quotients (IQ) have a high Grade Point Average (GPA), as I would like to think it suggests that the having a higher IQ implies that you cerebrum is Intelligence Quotients. This implies you are more astute, subsequently your GPA will be higher. This connection by the data was providing for me, needed more data to tell if having a high IQ causes higher GPA. More proof would have been expected to respond to this inquiry proper. Understudies who have metal debilitation or other mental incapacities where not notice for this situation concentrate so as to decide whether it would impact this relationship. The association among connection and causation is as per text is the two qualities co-fluctuate, or change together, doesn't continue that one fundamental reason the other. A portion of the components that influence the size of this connection are states of circulation, test sizes, exceptions, limitation of range,â aggregate tests, environmental, derivations, irregular mistake of estimation, and relationships with third factors (Chen and Popovich, 2002). Connection is a decent foreseeing GPA for this test since it permits one to think about factors together on one diagram. Reference Chen Y, Peter. and Popovich M, Paula. (2012). Variables Affecting the Size and Interpretation of Pearson’s Saga Research Methods.Retrieved from http://srmo.sagopub.com/see/connection/d35.xml <p

Applying theory of career construction to case study

Applying hypothesis of vocation development to contextual analysis The motivation behind this contextual analysis is to apply Savickas’ Theory of Career Construction to a volunteer customer Karen. Complete an account talk with utilizing the organized inquiries in the Career Style Interview, and utilizing the six stages. Examine translations, perceptions and acquire her input. Hypothetical establishment of Career Construction Theory The hypothetical establishment of Career Construction hypothesis (CCT) has its beginnings from Constructivism, and as per Sharf (2009) Constructivism is a mental methodology that has created out of a postmodern philosophical position. It has been expressed the Postmodernism time frame was a â€Å"reaction to modernism†, in that it featured the distinctions in singular perspectives instead of an uneven, levelheaded logical perspective on innovation. (Sharf 2009) Constructivist considered people to be makers of their own predetermination, and constructivist advocates tried to assist customers with finding that significance and resolve any error. (Sharf 2009) According to (Sharf 2009, p316) the constructivism approach was enormously influenced by the changing of the workplaces in the 1970’s. Representatives were done remaining with one situation for their entire work life, as organizations were turning out to be â€Å"less loyal† to representatives and keeping an eye out for own primary concern by â€Å"downsizing† their workforce to â€Å"part-time†. Representatives before long found they expected to assume responsibility for their future and hoped to vocation advisors for help. As indicated by (Busacca, 2007) constructivist vocation directing endeavors to respond to one inquiry â€Å"how can an individual arrange a lifetime work changes and not lose a feeling of self?† Career development hypothesis (CCT) came to fruition to assist people with creating significance out of their profession decisions and activities. CCT addresses how an individual’ s â€Å"career†, is produced using its own and social builds or communications. These develops are not real genuine reality, however an individual’s portrayal of that reality. CCT characterizes vocation as a goal and abstract build. Dispassionately, profession is a posting of positions from the past to introduce. Emotionally, vocation is the individual significance or an example of encounters from past, present and future. (Savickas, 2005, p43) CCT is made of three unmistakable points of view and every try to decide how the individual perspectives their life and profession, and how they cooperate. (Busacca, 2007) These points of view are life subject, profession versatility, and professional character. The Purpose and the Suppositions The reason for CCT is to help the individual find the abstract importance in their work. In helping the individual find this sort of significance, CCT stress the significance of the connection between the individual and the advisor. Life topics In Holland’s vocation improvement hypothesis, his inventories were utilized to acquire basic data about the individual, and make expectations about a lifelong way, and furthermore the conceivable hood of progress along this way. Profession development hypothesis exploits the individual’s described work stories to find any implications or examples. (Busacca, 2007) It has been expressed that â€Å"pattern is the essential unit of meaning†. â€Å"By intentionally arranging and restricting together these discrete encounters, a binding together life subject patterns† (Savickas 2005, p 58) â€Å"patterns turns into a crucial and basic method of being on the grounds that it gives an approach to people to see themselves and see what is significant in the world.† (Savickas, 2005 p58)

Native American mascot controversy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Local American mascot contention - Essay Example A Mascot is an article, creature or individual that speaks to an association; for instance; the Fuwa of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and the Otto of Syracuse University. It is an image of the association and is emblematicâ of the organization’s great wishes. At the initiation of the twentieth century; colleges and expert groups started to utilize pictures and words from the Native Americans as their mascot to speak to their associations. In any case, during the 1940s, the National Congress of American Indians propelled a crusade planned for disposing of the generalizations towards Native Americans in the media particularly in sports (Hylton, 2010). As per Goddard, the word ‘Redskin’ was utilized as an identifier by the particular networks in the early history. That is the means by which the Native Americans separated the two racess. The word ‘redskin’ was first utilized in 1769 while Piankashawsand and Col. John Wilkins were arranging. Local Americans frequently utilized the word during the 1800s at whatever point they haggled with the French and later the Americans (Goddard, 2005). Washington’s DC Redskins were at first known as the Boston Braves in 1932 when the group was framed. It was the standard as of now to have a similar name for the groups at whatever point the football and the baseball had a similar arena. The name was changed when they moved to Boston Red Sox home. The name was changed to Boston Redskins preceding moving back to Washington in 1933. Local American’s names and symbolism utilized by this group began before 1933. In 1937, the group authoritatively changed their name to the Washington Redskin when they moved to Washington, Dc (Nauright and Parrish, 2012). Since the Native America mascot is ill bred and offending to Native Americans, a few schools and groups changed their mascots or names. Stanford University changed from â€Å"The Stanford Indian† to Stanford Cardinal. Syracuse University

The Dani 1962 :: essays research papers

Balien Valley, New Guinea      The Dani clan lives in the Balien Valley of New Guinea. The Valley is extremely green and brimming with tropical life. The clan is spread among a system of little towns. Every town comprises of ten to thirty people of the equivalent or firmly related family. Townspeople live in hovels made of neighborhood grasses and sticks. The ladies ranch while the men the weave and shield the clan from foe strikes.      The Dani are in steady fighting with a neighboring clan. They accept that in the event that somebody passes on from adversary hands, at that point they must be retaliated for. Wars are for the most part battled to vindicate passings, to settle squabbles between the clans, and in light of the fact that some appreciated battling. Wars are battled with bow and bolts and lances with spikes, the thorns join themselves in the enemy’s substance, making it extremely agonizing to expel. Fighting is organized and loaded with rules to which the two sides agree. Fights don't start until the two sides have every one of their men present. No wars or attacks occur around evening time.      Ghosts control the individuals by dread. The phantoms originate from discontent or disregarded spirits of the dead. Apparitions rule the night. They strike dread into all. During the night they cover up along the ways and hold on to eat whoever passes. The apparitions additionally eat the people’s food, the bananas in the woods and the yields in the nurseries. Since the phantoms are so dreaded the individuals find a way to ensure that their tribe’s spirits are constantly content. At the point when a clan part is murdered, the clan must retaliate for that demise or they experience otherworldly decrease. The dead are washed with pig fat or, more than likely their soul would feel ignored. A Wyantonafe, Pig Treasure Ceremony, reestablishes their profound self and reinforces the community’s spirits.      In the grieving the men go to their towers to look for adversary headways, during this time the men likewise weave. Ladies don't weave, a large portion of the more seasoned ladies wouldn’t have the option to in light of the fact that fingers are cut off after a demise of a nearby relative. In the event that the men see no indication of the adversary they set a fire advising the ladies that it’s safe to go to their ranches. The men just do the homesteads hardest work. The ladies accomplish work around the cottages and in the homestead.      The kids become familiar with the their jobs in the clan by emulating those more established than them.

Controlling Case study Essay Example for Free

Controlling Case study Essay Theoretical This paper contemplates the board control plan of provider connections in assembling, a flexibly chain stage as of now under-investigated. Contrasted with provider relations during acquirement and RD, which research saw as administered by a blend of formal and casual controls, provider relations in assembling are progressively formal, so they could be represented by increasingly formal and less casual controls. To refine the administration control framework and affecting possibilities, we propose a hypothetical structure explicitly adjusted for the assembling stage. This system is researched by a top to bottom contextual analysis of the provider the board control of a Volvo Cars creation office. We recognize three sorts of providers imagining the relationship in the system and showing the framework’s explicative force in (car) fabricating. Besides, the case repudiates that provider relations in the assembling stage are administered by minimal casual control, in light of the fact that the automaker profoundly values the job of trust building and social weight. Most quite, an organized provider group works as a faction and builds up casual control among taking an interest providers, which fortifies the automaker’s control on dyadic provider relations. Catchphrases: Management control; Supplier connections; Manufacturing; Contingency hypothesis; Case inquire about; Automotive 2 1. Presentation In the current monetary condition, portrayed by globalization and improved degrees of rivalry, organizations require a compelling gracefully chain with between authoritative connections (IORs) to take a stab at maintainable upper hand. As anyone might expect, considers show that IORs have a high potential effect on association execution (e. g. Anderson Dekker, 2005). Writing, in any case, likewise contends that numerous IORs don't give the normal advantages and are regularly ended due to overseeing troubles (Ireland, Hitt Vaidynanath, 2002). Scholastics regularly recommend that absence of coordination and sharp conduct of accomplices are the two principle explanations behind the generally high relationship disappointment rate (e. g. Dekker, 2004). Henceforth, the executives control frameworks (MCSs) are contended to assume a basic job in forestalling such disappointment, by building up administration components to control the relationship (Ireland et al. , 2002). The essential objective of MCSs is to impact dynamic in achieving key goals (Nixon Burns, 2005). In a between authoritative setting, this infers making two-sided motivations to seek after common objectives. As of now in the mid-nineties, researchers began calling for more consideration for this point (for example Hopwood, 1996; Otley, 1994), and have not halted since (e. g. van der Meer-Kooistra Vosselman, 2006). Therefore, between authoritative MCSs have been concentrated from a few edges, including redistributing (e. g. Anderson, Glenn Sedatole, 2000), between authoritative cost the executives (e. g. Cooper Slagmulder, 2004), organizations (e. g. Seal, Berry, Cullen, Dunlop Ahmed, 1999), key coalitions (e. g. Dekker 2004), systems (e. g. Kajuter Kulmala, 2005) and joint endeavors (for example Kamminga van der MeerKooistra, 2007). However, the fundamental accentuation was put on social coordinated effort during the primary phases of the flexibly chain, to be specific acquirement, which includes the settle on or-purchase choice, accomplice choice and agreement plan, and RD. Despite the fact that this authentic center is surely legitimized, the executives control in a later period of the flexibly chain, in particular assembling, remains moderately under-investigated (Cooper Slagmulder, 2004; Langfield Smith, 2003). Be that as it may, bought items and administrations for assembling represent over 60% of the normal company’s absolute expenses (Degraeve Roodhooft, 2001) and are dependent upon persistent improvement with providers, likewise requiring sufficient administration control. Accordingly, this investigation outlines how makers plan the MCS of provider relations in the assembling period of the flexibly chain, which we allude to as â€Å"manufacturer-provider relationships† (MSRs). As it were, we conceptual from 3â procurement and RD impacts. 1 Nevertheless, the executives control examine on past gracefully chain stages, offers a first hypothetical knowledge into how a MCS for MSRs could resemble. Specifically, earlier exact research on IORs, for example, RD cooperation (Cooper Slagmulder, 2004), key partnerships (Dekker 2004) and joint endeavors (Kamminga van der Meer-Kooistra, 2007) discovered MCSs that consolidate both proper controls, similar to result controls, and increasingly casual controls, for example, trust building. Additionally the execution of administration re-appropriating ventures, as modern upkeep (van der Meer-Kooistra Vosselman, 2000), IT (Langfield Smith, 2003) and bookkeeping (Nicholson, Jones Espenlaub, 2006) is administered by a joined MCS. So on the off chance that we accept these discoveries to hold for other IOR types (outer legitimacy) and disregard potential trademark contrasts, MSRs could be relied upon to be represented by a blend of formal and casual control too. However, by considering contrasts among MSRs and different sorts of IORs, the MCS configuration could be extraordinary. In that regard, we contend that assembling is more formal than acquirement and RD. Signs for that contention and its ramifications for the board control can be found in the administration control structure of Das Teng (2001). In light of the factors in their framework2, task programmability and result quantifiability, it ought to be evident that for assembling both variable levels are high, or if nothing else higher than on account of acquirement and RD. Thus, the system shows that proper controls are fit instruments to administer MSRs. This contention is fortified by the kind of information utilization in MSRs, for which association writing gives an unmistakable qualification between information investigation and information abuse. From one viewpoint, it is contended that the principal gracefully chain stages, consider acquirement and RD, focus on information investigation, while the later stages, such as assembling, basically 1 Obviously, obtainment and RD do affect the assembling stage. However, as our point is refining provider MCS structure in theâ manufacturing stage, we intentionally prohibit these impacts. Regarding research system, this reflection is placed into activity by examining a MSR between a producer office and provider office just managing fabricating, while acquisition and RD are dealt with by their particular mother organizations (cf section three of this paper â€Å"research methodology†). 2 Although this system was initially evolved by Ouchi (1979) for use in MCS structure inside associations, Das Teng (2001) further adjusted it for use in IORs. Undertaking programmability alludes to how much supervisors comprehend the change procedure wherein proper conduct is to occur. Result quantifiability alludes to the capacity to quantify result definitely and dispassionately. At the point when result quantifiability is high/low and assignment programmability is low/high, formal result/conduct control ought to be set up to administer the connection. At the point when the two measurements are low, casual control is ideal, yet when the two measures are high, both result and conduct control are fit control instruments (Das Teng, 2001). 4â aim at information abuse. Then again, look into shows that the investigation of information is best represented by casual controls, while information misuse is most sufficiently constrained by formal controls (Bijlsma-Frankema Costa, 2005). In this way, in view of the qualities of high undertaking programmability, high result quantifiability and information misuse objectives, MSRs could be relied upon to be represented by basically formal controls with minimal casual controls. As such, the writing offers distinctive administration control structures for MSRs with respect to the casual control level. Consequently, this examination explores how the MCS of MSRs is structured and how significant casual controls are in that plan, specifically in IORs between a unique hardware producer (OEM) and providers of re-appropriated fabricating exercises in the pattern setting car industry (cf Womack, Jones Roos, 1990). A car is an intricate item produced with a great many segments. Thus, likewise this industry progressively redistributed non-center exercises and began depending on providers to make lower costs. Keeping that in mind, an assortment of flexibly chain the executives rehearses has been actualized, for example, lean gracefully and nonstop improvement. However, these actuate the requirement for suitable administration control structures and bi-directional correspondence to compose and deal with the connection (Carr Ng, 1995; Scannell, Vickery Droge, 2000). In that regard, one specific automaker, specifically Toyota, is known for cooperating with providers, moving its mastery to support providers and introducing gentler types of control including trust. To oversee the quest for nonstop improvement in assembling, Toyota set up the â€Å"Toyota Group† by methods for a provider affiliation, a tasks the board counseling division and deliberate little gathering learning groups (Dyer Nobeoka, 2000). In any case, specialist writing (e. g. Car News/Automotive News Europe) portrays a few different automakers administering this pursuit by vigorously formalized provider relations. In opposition to participation during acquisition and RD, fabricating is contended to turn out to be significantly more requesting towards providers. Automakers progressively move producing danger and gracefully duty to first-level providers, which brings about providers conveying to tight without a moment to spare and in-arrangement plans (Alford, Sackett Nelder, 2000). Therefore, OEMs introduce formal controls and provider improvement methods, which ready providers to the significance of am

How Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Works

How Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Works Psychotherapy Print How Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Works By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on November 22, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on November 20, 2019 Letizia Le Fur / Getty Images More in Psychotherapy Online Therapy Rational emotive behavior therapy, also known as REBT, is a type of cognitive-behavioral therapy developed by psychologist Albert Ellis. REBT is focused on helping clients change irrational beliefs. Lets take a closer look at how rational emotive behavior was developed and how it works. History of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy As a young man, Ellis found himself longing for companionship yet experienced a severe fear of talking to women. In order to tackle his fear, Ellis decided to perform an experiment. For a month, he visited a nearby park and forced himself to talk to 100 different women. Over time, Ellis found that his fear of speaking to women had diminished considerably. Ellis later explained that this experience served as a basis for developing his approach to therapy, combining behavioral strategies with assessing underlying thoughts and emotions. Ellis had trained as a clinical psychologist. As he treated patients, he became increasingly dissatisfied with the results offered by the traditional psychoanalytic approach to therapy  that he was using at the time. He noted that while his patients were able to become aware of their underlying problems, their behavior did not necessarily change as a result. Simply becoming conscious of the problem was not enough to lead to actual changes in behavior, he concluded. By the 1950s, Ellis had started experimenting with other types of psychotherapy and was heavily influenced by philosophers and psychologists including Karen Horney and Alfred Adler as well as the work of behavioral therapists. Elliss goal was to develop what he viewed as an action-oriented approach to psychotherapy designed to produce results by helping clients manage their emotions, cognitions, and behaviors. According to Ellis, people are not disturbed by things but rather by their view of things. The fundamental assertion of rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) is that the way people feel is largely influenced by how they think.?? When people hold irrational beliefs about themselves or the world, problems can result. Because of this, the goal of REBT is to help people alter illogical beliefs and negative thinking patterns in order to overcome psychological problems and mental distress.?? Rational emotive behavior therapy was one of the very first types of cognitive therapies. Ellis first began developing REBT during the early 1950s and initially called his approach to rational therapy.?? In 1959, the technique was redubbed rational emotive therapy and later rechristened rational emotive behavior therapy in 1992. Ellis continued to work on REBT until his death in 2007. The ABC Model Ellis suggested that people mistakenly blame external events for unhappiness. He argued, however, that it is our interpretation of these events that truly lies at the heart of our psychological distress. To explain this process, Ellis developed what he referred to as the ABC Model: A ?â€" Activating Event: Something happens in the environment around you.B ?â€" Beliefs: You hold a belief about the event or situation.C ?â€" Consequence: You have an emotional response to your belief.?? The events and situations that people encounter throughout life are only one piece of the puzzle. In order to understand the impact of such events, it is also essential to look at the beliefs people hold about these experiences as well as the emotions that arise as a result of those beliefs. The Basic Steps In order to better understand how REBT looks, it is important to take a closer look at the therapeutic process itself. Identify  the Underlying Irrational Thought Patterns and Beliefs The very first step in the process is to identify the irrational thoughts, feelings, and beliefs that lead to psychological distress. In many cases, these irrational beliefs are reflected as absolutes, as in I must, I should, or I cannot. According to Ellis, some of the most common irrational beliefs include: Feeling excessively upset over other peoples mistakes or misconduct.Believing that you must be 100 percent competent and successful in everything to be valued and worthwhile.Believing that you will be happier if you avoid lifes difficulties or challenges.Feeling that you have no control over your own happiness; that your contentment and joy are dependent upon external forces.?? By holding such unyielding beliefs, it becomes almost impossible to respond to situations in a psychologically healthy way. Possessing such rigid expectations of ourselves and others only leads to disappointment, recrimination, regret, and anxiety. Challenge  the Irrational Beliefs Once these underlying feelings have been identified, the next step is to challenge these mistaken beliefs. In order to do this, the therapist must dispute these beliefs using very direct and even confrontational methods. Ellis suggested that rather than simply being warm and supportive, the therapist needs to be blunt, honest, and logical in order to push people toward changing their thoughts and behaviors. Gain  Insight and Recognize Irrational Thought Patterns As you might imagine, REBT can be a daunting process for the client. Facing irrational thought patterns can be difficult, especially because accepting these beliefs as unhealthy is far from easy. Once the client has identified the problematic beliefs, the process of actually changing these thoughts can be even more challenging. While it is perfectly normal to feel upset when you make a mistake, the goal of rational emotive behavior therapy is to help people respond rationally to such situations. When faced with this type of situation in the future, the emotionally healthy response would be to realize that while it would be wonderful to be perfect and never make mistakes, it is not realistic to expect success in every endeavor. You made a mistake, but thats okay because everyone makes mistakes sometimes. All you can do is learn from the situation and move on. It is also important to recognize that while rational emotive behavior therapy utilizes cognitive strategies to help clients, it also focuses on emotions and behaviors as well.?? In addition to identifying and disputing irrational beliefs, therapists and clients also work together to target the emotional responses that accompany problematic thoughts. Clients are also encouraged to change unwanted behaviors using such things as meditation, journaling, and guided imagery.?? A Word From Verywell REBT can be effective in the treatment of a range of psychological disorders including anxiety and phobias as well as specific behaviors such as severe shyness and excessive approval-seeking.

Mood Swings and Bipolar Disorder - Free Essay Example

Bipolar disorder is a mental illness characterized by extreme mood disturbances. These include changes in energy level, activity, sleep, behaviors, and judgement. Bipolar disorder is one of the psychiatric disorders with a complex and multifactorial heritage. According to Bipolar disorder: Implications for nursing practice (2017), the age for bipolar diagnosis begins at 18 and it can be diagnosed at any time in a persons life. Studies reveal that the prevalence of bipolar disorder is 0.5% to 1.5% amongst the general population, that the disease is generally diagnosed between 18 and 30 years of age, and that its prevalence in men and women is similar (Bipolar disorder: Implications for nursing practice, 2017). Individuals who experienced bipolar spectrum disorder symptoms for lifetime was about 2.4% of the general population, with a prevalence of 0.6% of Bipolar disorder Type I and 0.4% of Bipolar type II (Rowland Marwaha, 2018). The prevalence of Bipolar Type I in US is 1%, which is slightly higher than other countries. Some data suggest that females are at greater risk for depression and rapid mood shifts, while males have a greater risk for mania (Bipolar Disorder, 2016). There are multiple risk factors that contribute to the developm ent of bipolar disorder (BD). The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) describes bipolar disorder in adults as possibly due to genetics, or brain variations in structure or function. According to Amini, Najafi-Vosough, Ghaleiha, and Mahjub (2017), almost 60% and 75% of patients experience relapse within 2 and 5 years. According to World Health Organization reports, bipolar disorder is the sixth leading cause of life-long disability worldwide. Amini et al. (2017) state that BD is a serious and chronic disorder, which is ongoing with recoveries and relapses and causes significant morbidity and mortality. There are no definitive blood tests or brain scans to diagnose this condition. However, brains of people with bipolar disorder show different patterns than the brains of healthy people or people with other mental disorders. Diagnosis is done by a psychiatrist through diagnostic tests, family history assessment, and history of symptoms. Because of the overlapping symptoms with certain conditions like major depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD), and anxiety, BD is commonly misdiagnosed. Bipolar disorder exists along with other illnesses, such as anxiety disorder, substance abuse, or eating disorders. Patients tend to seek treatment when depressed. An accurate diagnosis of bipolar disorder is essential to develop an effective plan of treatment. It is necessary to run a complete physical exam to eliminate other diseases causing mood fluctuations. Also necessary to study is a complete medical history, as well as family and social history that might be influencing changes in mood. Providers should screen for depression to differentiate between unipolar and bipolar. People with BD are at risk for thyroid disease, migraine headaches, heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and other physical illnesses. Nonadherence to medication therapy results in relapses. Manic episodes can be described as over exhibition of joy, more energy than usual, belief in ability to do many things simultaneously, irritability, racing thoughts, risky behaviors, unusual sexual activity, and overspending of money. Depressive episodes consist of feelings of sadness and hopelessness, loss of interest in activities, trouble concentrating, forgetfulness, over- or under-eating, trouble sleeping, and suicidal thoughts. Bipolar I Disorder is characterized by manic episodes that last at least 7 days or severe manic symptoms that require hospitalization, as well as depressive episodes lasting at least 2 weeks. Bipolar II Disorder is defined by a mixture of depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes, but not the true manic episodes. Cyclothymic Disorder incorporates numerous periods of hypomania and depression lasting for at least 2 years (1 year in children and adolescents). Other Specified and Unspecified Bipolar an d Related Disorder is defined by bipolar disorder symptoms that do not match the three categories listed above (National Institute of Mental Health, 2018).

What the World Eats, by Peter Menzel - 1750 Words

Four people sit kneeling around a small table in a small room laden with food. A room where a serious man in a black box holds out a can of something altered and edible, and a young girl perched near her mother clutches a bag of potato chips to her chest as if claiming it as solely her own. This is the scene depicted in a photograph of the Ukita family in Kodaira City, Japan as part of a series taken by Peter Menzel for the book â€Å"What the World Eats†. This series of photographs illustrates not only what people eat in different parts of the world, but also how their families, and lives as fellow humans can so closely resemble our own. The Ukita family is kneeling around a small table in a small room. The extent of the food they’ve†¦show more content†¦But the presence of these foods is not necessarily the entire point of the image. It is true that Japan is currently the second largest packaged food market behind the United States, and is the third largest market for U.S. exports of food products such as red meats, processed fruits and vegetables, and snack foods (Japan country profile, 2011); however it is also true that Japan continues to be among the top ten countries with the lowest obesity rates with only 3.1% of people with a BMI over 30. Comparing this to the current obesity rate in the United States at 33.9% tells us that even if there has been an apparent increase of the consumption of junk food in Japan, the country is still not anywhere near partaking in the level of unhealthy eating seen in the U.S. (A spotlight on world obesity rates, 2013). As said by Naomichi Ishige in The Cambridge W orld History of Food, â€Å"Although there has been a rapid increase in the consumption of previously rare foods, such as meat, eggs, dairy products, and fats, the consumption of traditional foods, like fish and vegetables, has also increased.†(V.B.4-Japan, 2000). This is evident in the photograph of the Ukita family. Although there is a presence of unhealthy food in the form of the family’s chips and cake they are placed on the far edges of the image whereas the abundance of the family’s fish and vegetables areShow MoreRelatedWhat Families East in â€Å"Hungry Planet: What the World Eats.by Peter Menzel and Faith DAlusio1161 Words   |  5 PagesPeter Menzel and Faith D’Alusio conducted a photographic study of what families around the world eat during the course of one week. They then compiled their work into a book called â€Å"Hungry Planet: What the World Eats.† Included are photographs of 30 families from 24 different countries. This photogr aph allows the viewer to witness the immense differences and surprising similarities in diets around the globe. The photos are beautiful, but it is the questions brought about by the staggering comparisonsRead MoreThe Effects Of Gmo On Humans And The Environment908 Words   |  4 PagesGenetically modified food has been proven to cause cancer in rats at alarming rats. What does this mean for people? The largest supplier of Genetically modified organisms has denied the fact that GMO’s are dangerous and have a launched wide spread propaganda campaign in order to convince the public they are safe. The common message spread across the media is that GMO’s will feed the ever-expanding world. GMO suppliers claim the GMO crops yield twice as much as normal farms yet multiple experiments

Biology The Scientific Study Of Life - 1617 Words

Biology is defined as the scientific study of life. (Campbell Essential Biology) Whether or not something is â€Å"alive† is recognized by their ability to perform actions that living things do. There are seven main properties associated with life, we refer to these as; The Properties of Life. Order, regulation, growth and development, energy processing, response to the environment, reproduction, and evolution; these properties are the basis in which we use to determine whether or not something is â€Å"alive† or â€Å"living.† Cells are the composition of all life. Every living thing on our planet is made up of thousands of cells. Within the properties of life, Order states that all living things exhibit a complex, but ordered organization. Organisms consist of many cells that are highly organized and coordinated. Within each cell, atoms, which are the smallest unit of matter, composes molecules. Molecules in turns develop cell organelles. As more cells develop, these organelles create the elaborate organs within an organism, each of which provides a key function to the organism s day-to-day survival. There are two basic categories in which cells are categorized; prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are known as prokaryotes. Organisms of the prokaryotic domain include bacteria and archaea. In comparison, Eukaryotic cells, also known as eukaryotes, include domains of the protists, plants, fungi and animals. While each of these cell types are similar, they haveShow MoreRelatedExploring Biology854 Words   |  4 PagesAP Biology Reading Guide Chapter 1: Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw Name_______________________Period___________ Chapter 1: Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life Begin your study of biology this year by reading Chapter 1. It will serve as a reminder about biological concepts that you may have learned in an earlier course and give you an overview of what you will study this year. 1. In the overview, Figure 1.3 recalls manyRead MoreSci 115 Week 5 Assignment 1 Biology Article948 Words   |  4 PagesSCI 115 WEEK 5 ASSIGNMENT 1 BIOLOGY ARTICLE To purchase this visit here: http://www.activitymode.com/product/sci-115-week-5-assignment-1-biology-article/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM SCI 115 WEEK 5 ASSIGNMENT 1 BIOLOGY ARTICLE SCI 115 Week 5 Assignment 1 - Biology Article Assignment 1: Biology Article Use the Internet and / or the Strayer Learning Resource Center to research aspects of biology. Select one (1) article from a magazine or newspaper that has something in it thatRead MoreThe Discoveries Of The Scientific Revolution1444 Words   |  6 PagesBefore the Scientific Revolution began to take shape around the year 1550, the world of science was exceedingly narrow and thought to be known. The scientific views of the pre-scientific revolution stem back even further than the popular Aristotelian era of science. Hippocrates contributed greatly to the field of science, especially in the field of medicine. It was during his years of medical studies that Hippocrates theorized the â€Å"Four Temperaments†. This theory hypothesized that there are fourRead MoreHistory of Biochemistry: Chemistry and Biology Connection to the World Today991 Words   |  4 Pages What criteria connects biology to chemistry? -Chemistry has changed the way the world is today. -Biology has changed how certain organisms live and stay alive today. I will explain how chemistry and biology connect throughout the world today. Following questions: †¢What was this society like before the discovery of biology? Biology is the study of living organisms and how organisms may live after awhile. Aristotle discovered biology in 1802.The term biology was first coined by gifted gottfried ReinholdRead MoreWhat Is Life? Worksheet1661 Words   |  7 Pages What Is Life? Worksheet Ken Wisnieski BIO101 8/31/15 Sheryl Wildt What Is Life? Part I: Media Relevancy Read each statement. Write a 100-word summary explaining how the chosen media piece supports the statement. Include reference citations. 1. Find a media piece—article, video, presentation, song, or other—that recognizes the fundamental concepts of chemistry in biology. Include the link or reference citation for the piece and describe how it helped you better understand howRead MoreAre Viruses Alive? Article Writeup Essay722 Words   |  3 PagesVillarreal, Luis P. â€Å"Are Viruses Alive?† Scientific American, December 2004. In the article â€Å"Are Viruses Alive?,† Luis P. Villarreal discusses the effects of viruses on life, while presenting different angles as to whether or not they are alive themselves and arguing about the impact viruses have had on evolution. Through a deeper understanding of viruses and their functions, the scientific community may come to fully appreciate viruses, whether they are living or non-living in themselves, as significantRead MoreEssay on Physical Anthropology: The Link between Human Nature914 Words   |  4 Pages Physical anthropology â€Å"is in large part, human biology seen from an evolutionary perspective† (Jurmaln, Kilgore Trevathan, 2011). By this statement, I believe the authors mean that physical anthropology studies human biology with an evolutionary viewpoint rather than a scientific or medical viewpoint. Anthropology, as a broader science, is concerned with and studies human culture and the evolutionary aspects of human biology. Since cult ure affects human beings and human beings affect cultureRead MoreDifference Between Personal And Shared Knowledge1459 Words   |  6 Pagesname but a few. How each has changed the course of the pursuit of scientific knowledge leaves open the question of whether each is a benefit or a burden to be overpowered. From the perspective of the development of scientific knowledge in particular, a personal point of view can be considered a disadvantage in the pursuit of knowledge. One result of a personal point of view in the pursuit of knowledge is the bias brought to a new study. Bias can be brought through personal and shared knowledge. ForRead MoreWildlife Conservation and Biology Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pagesstudying and spending time with these animals as their everyday life. I should be a wildlife biologist so I can study land mammals. Wildlife biology is a field of biology in which land animals are studied. It deals with all animals with backbones and studies individual species of wildlife, their habitats, and surrounding ecosystems (Fitzgerald). It also studies how animals may interact with their ecosystem. Without wildlife biology we would not have extensive knowledge of other animal species,Read MoreMedia Reviews: What Is Life?758 Words   |  3 PagesWhat Is Life? Q1. Find a media piece article, video, presentation, song, or other related to the scientific method, creating hypotheses, or designing experiments. Include the link or reference citation for the piece and describe how it helped you better understand how the scientific method is used to create hypotheses and experiments. Even children are capable of understanding the scientific method. On a website intended to help children with their science fair projects, the steps of the method

Traditional Argument - 1359 Words

In 2011, there were 19,454 reported cases of vaccine preventable diseases in the United States alone (Rouch 2011). Most of these cases could have been prevented simply by getting a vaccination for certain diseases. There has been much discussion in recent years over whether or not parents should have their children vaccinated. Parents hear a great deal of information in the medi about the effectiveness and side effects of vaccinations. After hearing all sorts of negative things about vaccinations, it is easy to see why parents would be reluctant to have their children injected with all sorts of chemicals. In the end, the reason that children are not required to be vaccinated is that it is illegal to force someone to be vaccinated, but is†¦show more content†¦Many people choose to rely on what is known as â€Å"herd immunity† to protect their children from infectious diseases. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases describes herd immunity by saying t hat when a critical portion of a community is immunized against a contagious disease, most members of the community are protected against that disease (NIAID 2010). This lulls many people into a false sense of security from preventable diseases. This principle is based on the assumption that people are stagnant and that communities stay completely together all the time. In the case of the seven year old and measles mentioned previously, the idea of a herd immunity was proven ineffective when the child returned to the United States with the measles disease and infected those who were unprotected. Unless every single bacteria or virus on the planet is destroyed, there can be no way for those who choose not to be vaccinated to be protected from disease. There are a few exceptions where herd immunity is the only way to keep someone safe from disease. In rare cases, children cannot be vaccinated because they are allergic to part of the vaccination or because their immune systems are compromised due to cancer, HIV, transplants, and many other medical complications (Shepherd amp; Grabenstein, 2001). â€Å"You shouldn’t have the shot (MMR) if your immune system is weak because of cancer drugs, corticosteroids, or AIDS† (CDC, 2014). This happens inShow MoreRelatedVisual Argument911 Words   |  4 Pagesread this visual argument. This photo is self-explanatory. 2). What do you see? I see a man verbally abusing a lady. What are the key details or features here that stand out? The man’s face, fist punching the lady from his mouth, and the pain on the ladies face all stand out to support my theory. What images? The image is self-explanatory. What text? There was no text to support this visual argument. What supporting details? Every aspect of this photo supports my argument. 3). IdentifyRead MoreWhy Homosexual Marriage Is Harmful And Must Be Opposed893 Words   |  4 Pagestheir statements are based on biblical teachings and beliefs. As such, many of the arguments presented are subjective and perceived validity will vary with one’s religious standpoint. The primary claim is that homosexual marriage is morally, socially, and biologically wrong. Each supporting statement is separated into list format, so the connecting thread ended up being a bit disjointed. Collectively the argument appears deductive, though unsound. It is laid out in a valid structure; however, givenRead More Tennessee Williams The Glass Menagerie as a Tragedy Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pageslooking at the traditional definition of the classification tragedy, one can more easily assess whether or not the Glass Menagerie fits under this title. To do this I will be using the views of Aristotle, the Greek philosopher, who first defined the word tragedy and in his views, a tragedy contained certain, distinctive characteristics. His work was written in between 384 and 222 BC, and his views were taken on by some of the more traditional playwrights, suchRead MoreEffects Of Manipulative Materials On Mathematics Instruction Essay1684 Words   |  7 Pagesinstruction. Journal for research in mathematics education, 498-505. 1. Main argument or point? The paper argues that effectiveness in usage of manipulative learning depends on prolonged usage of concrete symbolic materials in learning and teaching across the ages in child learning process. However, the paper does not clearly outline particular manipulative learning that should be employed across the grades. 2. Structure of the argument: main sub-points and argumentation analysis? The main sub points inRead MoreWriting in Mathematics Seminar824 Words   |  4 PagesThis essay, although not feasible to implement in the real world, accomplishes the goals of a Writing in Mathematics seminar, which are to encourage students to think creatively about mathematics, increase the students’ skills in writing effective arguments, and show the students that there is far more to mathematics than what was taught in high school. Most of us arrived to this writing seminar in mathematics after we had been taught the dry, routine mathematics typically taught in high schoolsRead MoreThe On First Philosophy By Rene Descartes1699 Words   |  7 Pagesforget that everything he writes is based on the shaky foundation of the Christian God, and finds his later points less valid. We must look at Descartes’ argument in detail in order to establish why it is flawed and insufficient and thus undermines the rest of his project. His main argument for the existence of God is the so-called â€Å"causal argument.† He begins this train of thought by saying â€Å"because I am a thinking thing and have within me a certain idea of God, it must be granted that what causedRead MoreEssay about PhI 103Dq 4887 Words   |  4 Pages Fallacies in Media One rich source of fallacies is the media: television, radio, magazines, and the Internet. The arguments you experience in your daily life (work, family, shopping) are another source of fallacies. Identify three distinct informal logical fallacies you have experienced in the media or in your life. Explain how the fallacies were used and the context in which they occurred. Then, explain what the person presenting the fallacy should have done to ensure that he or she was not committingRead MoreEssay about Analysis of Theodore Dalrymple ´s What We Have to Lose1078 Words   |  5 Pagesdoctor and psychiatrist. Daniel in his writings has frequently argued that the liberal and progressive views prevalent within Western intellectual circles minimize the responsibility of individuals for their own actions and undermine mores which are traditional, contributing to the formation within rich countries of an underclass which is afflicted by violence, sexually transmitted diseases, criminality , welfare dependency and drug abuse. His writings are generally based on his experience of working withRead MoreRhetorical Analysis of Charles Murray Essay1312 Words   |  6 Pagesof a B.A can lead to more harm than good. Murray’s main argument throughout his essay is that the perceived reward of a college degree disseminates to those seeking higher education and inevitably does more harm than good. He argues that many students do not have the ability to enjoy and finish a four year degree. This leads the student to being stigmatized and in debt due to his or her failure. Murray further establishes his argument by saying that more people continue to go to college becauseRead MoreIn This Paper, I Plan To Argue The Ideas By Edward Conard,1287 Words   |  6 PagesIn this paper, I plan to argue the ideas by Edward Conard, in his argument that we don’t need more humanities major in our academic system. In specific, this paper will explore the writer’s claims, the gaps in his arguments and counter-arguments in this topic. My argument is important because I will challenge Conard’s article with the self-fashioning’s article by Keohane. In Conard’s article, he demonstrates to answer the question whether or not we need more humanities. His answer is that we should

Wildlife Forensics and Investigation - 825 Words

Wildlife forensics is fairly uncharted territory to the investigation process of the criminal justice system today. This is because the criminal justice system has only recently discovered that wildlife crime is increasing and that the needs to successfully investigate a wildlife crime are quite different than those of a homicide. To understand the importance of wildlife forensics, what constitutes as â€Å"wildlife crime† must be distinguished. Also, knowing what makes wildlife crime so desirable is a good start at learning what preventative measures to take. What is considered wildlife crime, why this type of crime is rising, and the forensic scientist’s roles and significance of DNA are all major aspects of wildlife forensics that are often overlooked because of its unfamiliarity in the criminal justice system. It is important to have accurate knowledge of wildlife forensics before experimenting with ways of preventing it. As the SWGWILD article states in their Unive rsity of California publication, â€Å"wildlife crime is a global crisis† (SWG, 2012, p2). This means wildlife crime isn’t subject to just one geographic area. Every continent; every nation is confronted with wildlife crime. The six major issues this article discusses are: bio-terrorism and domestic security, organized crime, animal abuse, international terrorism, poaching, and food security. Bio-terrorism and domestic security typically involves the entering of a country with, in this instance, the carcass of anShow MoreRelatedDna Barcoding Using Coi For Species Identification For Conservation1573 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscusses the use of DNA Barcoding to determine the prohibited parrot trade. The prohibited wildlife trade can affect the existence of a species in a habitat by introducing other species that interfere with the living of the species in that habitat. In most cases, the illegal wildlife trade leads to extinction of particular species in the ecosystem. The molecular markers are fundamental in forensic sample analyses because of their success in analyzing samples that cannot be distinguished by theRead MoreInvestigating The Investigation And Control Of Crimes Against Animals, Wildlife And The Environment2177 Words   |  9 PagesEvaluate the use of current forensic and analytical techniques in the investigation and control of crimes against animals, wildlife and the environment. The poaching and smuggling of animals, has grown to an estimated annual $12 billion criminal industry. It has only been exceeded by drugs and arms trade (Eccleston, 2007). The illicit profiteering from this trade has been known to be a major source of funding for terrorist and extremist, militia groups. The trade in bushmeat and ivory in 2008 hadRead MoreMurder Essay1026 Words   |  5 PagesOutside the town of Shelby Township, Indiana was a woman’s body lying in the woods of a wildlife refuge. The body was stumbled across by a wildlife refuge worker on September 6, 2010. It was covered in dirt and leaves when found on site. The victim was covered with 3rd degree burns leaving very little room to determine the ethnicity. The hands and feet were shown to be missing and the tibia, pelvis, skull, humerus, and ribs were retrieved. The hands and feet were never found but a knife was leftRead MoreEssay about DNA, The New Crime Investigator1358 Words   |  6 Pagesthe foundation f or the modern science of genetics. A major break through which eventually made possible forensic uses of DNA occurred in the early 1950’s when James Watson and Francis Crick solved the puzzle of DNA’s structure and precipitated the revolution in molecular biology which followed. By solving the puzzle they made this foundation of our modern DNA analyzes used in today’s forensic science. (2) Some of the characteristics that make DNA unique on its uses are: Read MoreOrigin of Forensic Science Essay2718 Words   |  11 PagesORIGIN AND SERVICES OF FORENSIC SCIENCE â€Å"For most people, forensic science means cops and fingerprints and DNA analysis. All of that is still true, but these days forensic science encompasses much more.† Forensic science, also known as forensics, may generally be defined as the application of scientific, technical, or other specialized knowledge to assist courts in resolving questions of fact in civil and criminal trials. In other words forensic science, in its broadest definition, is theRead MoreFish And Game Warden Case Study1477 Words   |  6 PagesFish And Game Warden Ever wonder what a fish and game wardens do? A fish and game warden is a police officers who enforce the laws protecting wildlife and natural habitats, particularly as they apply to hunting, boating and conservation.(2) With 9 different subjects in my research will help give you a better understanding of what a fish and game warden job intel’s. The work for fish and game wardens can be from informing individuals about the park, investigating hunting accidents and issues warningsRead MoreSenior Seminar Research Proposal Essay3231 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction Forensic entomology is used to determine such crimes as murder, suicide, and other criminal acts by examining various insects instead of using human tissues. This forensic tool is used to determine the postmortem interval of a corpse and the cause of death of a corpse when all other forms of human evidence (human blood, tissues, hair, etc.) are not present at the scene. Forensic entomologists prefer using insects to determine these factors of death because the insects produce similarRead MoreTechnology Being Used Is Camera Traps1767 Words   |  8 Pagescamera traps. For decades, camera traps have been used to monitor wildlife without endangering the lives of humans, but today highly sophisticated digital cameras are even more helpful because some of the cameras now come with automatic triggers, heat sensing, vibration detection, infrared detection, video feeds, and acoustic elements (Cress and Zommers, 2014). Similarly to camera traps, radio collars that have been used for trackin g wildlife has also gone through technological advances in terms of theirRead MoreHighlighting Many of the Weaknesses in the Australian Legal System through the Chamberlain Case1202 Words   |  5 Pagesevidence. [3]They had the support of their friends, and the church supported them financially yet still the legal system let them down. Police Bias =========== Police have bias as they are involved first hand with the investigation and sometimes cannot be objective. They would not have had the Chamberlain’s best interests at heart. Instead, the force would have been worried about their town, its people and thought of the Chamberlains as outside visitors, a familyRead MoreAnimal Cruelty2248 Words   |  9 PagesOrg 1). Animals that limp, have patches of fur missing, or have open sores, are being abused, they need help (The Humane Society 2)! Mass breeding or â€Å"puppy mill† is cruelty to animals. While cats and dogs were the most common victims, cruelty to wildlife almost doubled (The Birmingham Post 1). People do not realize that this is a sign of mistreating animals (The American Society of Prevention of Cruelty 1). Those who are cruel to animals should face a life ban of owning them (The Birmingham Post

Unit 1 Assignment 1 Windows 2008 Network Services Free Essays

Unit 1 – Assignment 1 – Windows 2008 Network Services If you have a routed local area network and high-speed links that are fairly reliable, you might be able to use one DNS server for a larger, multiple sub-netted network area. If you have a high number of client nodes on a single subnet design, you might want to add more than one DNS server to the subnet to provide backup and failover if the preferred DNS server stops responding. When determining the number of DNS servers you need to use, assess the effect of zone transfers and DNS query traffic on slower links in your network. We will write a custom essay sample on Unit 1 Assignment 1 Windows 2008 Network Services or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although DNS is designed to help reduce broadcast traffic between local subnets, it does create some traffic between servers and clients that should be reviewed, particularly when used in complexly routed LAN or WAN environments. Consider the effects of zone transfer over slower speed links, like those typically used for a wide area network (WAN) connection. Windows 7 Check Your Understanding iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" src="https://phdessay.com/windows-7-check-your-understanding/embed/#?secret=cW3i1hWumW" data-secret="cW3i1hWumW" width="500" height="282" title="#8220;Windows 7 Check Your Understanding#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"/iframe Although the DNS Server service supports incremental zone transfers and DNS clients and servers can cache recently used names, traffic considerations are sometimes still an issue, particularly when DHCP leases are shortened and, as a result, dynamic updates in DNS are performed more frequently. One option for dealing with remote locations on WAN links is to set up a DNS server at these locations to provide caching-only DNS service. With most installations, you should have at least two server computers hosting each of your DNS zones for fault tolerance. DNS was designed to have two servers for each zone, one as a primary server and the other as a backup or secondary server. When making any final determinations about the number of servers to use, first assess the level of fault tolerance you need for your network. Because there is no fixed limit to the maximum number of clients a DHCP server can service or to the number of scopes you can create on a DHCP server, the primary factors to consider when you determine the number of DHCP servers to use are network architecture and server hardware. For example, in a single subnet environment, only one DHCP server is necessary, although you may want to use two servers or deploy a DHCP server cluster for increased fault tolerance. In multiple subnet environments, routers must forward DHCP messages between subnets, so router performance can affect your DHCP service. In both cases, DHCP server hardware affects service to clients. How to cite Unit 1 Assignment 1 Windows 2008 Network Services, Papers

Regulating Enterprise Law and Business †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Regulating Enterprise for Law and Business Organisation. Answer: Introduction: Any desired person who wishes to initiate business can do so in the form of a sole trade ship, a partnership or a company. The corporation Act 2001 is the guiding legislation that governs the working of a company. A company is incorporated when the same is registered as per the governing Law of the country. When a company is granted registration, then, as per Salomon vASalomon Co Ltd a company is regarded as an entity which has its own existence in Law. The separate legal existence rule simply qualifies that a company is not to be associated with its officers and is an artificial person and is capable to file suits, acquire properties, etc. The company indulges itself in its own actions and in its own name and will not render the officers accountable of the same. Even if all company officers die, still, the company survives and never dies. In Salomon vASalomon Co Ltd, a company is formed by one single person and it was held by the court that even if the company is incorporated by one single person still it is distinct from him and can take actions in its own name. The concept of separate legal entity was retreated in Lee v Lee's Air Farming Ltd wherein the director/shareholder was also its employee. He died while serving his employment duties and the court upheld the claim of widow and considered that the director/shareholder should be considered as the employee. A company is capable to enter into a separate contract with the direct/shareholder and the same will be distinct in nature. In Industry v Bottrill, Magnatech UK Ltd in which Mr Botrill was the Managing director. He was also the shareholder and was also entered into an employment contract. It was held by the court that a shareholder can become the employee and both are distinct in its capacity as the company is a separate legal entity in the eyes of law. Thus he was allowed to seek unpaid wages of worth 346.15 a week from the National Insurance Fund. This esteem principle of separate legal entity has its own set of disadvantages. There are times when this veil that makes a distinction amid the company and its officers is to be pierced. This is called piercing the corporate veil of the company. When the veil if pierced, then, the company losses its personality and the officers are held liable directly for the acts of the company. The acts of the officers are the acts of the company and vice versa and the officers and be held directly liable for the same. In one of the principle cases of Gilford Motor Company Ltd v. Horne, the veil is pierced on the ground that fraud is committed by availing the benefit of separate legal principle concept. A company in the name of Gilford motors has employed Mr Homes. It is contractually decided amid the company and Mr Home that he is not permitted to implore the company employees post his job. Mr Home was acquainted with most of the company employees and the restriction is imposed to protect the business and good will of the company. But, Mr Home formulated a company in the name of his wife and has implored most the Gilford motors employees. The main plea of Mr Home was that the company was established by his wife and being the separate legal entity he has no association with his wifes company and thus there is no contractual breach on the part of Mr Homes. But, the court held that the main intention for the establishment of the company by the wife of Mr Home was to deceit Gilford motors and to avoid the contractual breach. But, in such situation, the veil of the company can be lifted and the company established by Mr Homes wife should be considered as the company formed by Mr Home only. Thus, he has violated the term of the contract that was framed with Gilford motors. Thus, the main question that arises is to what extend the restrain clauses are permitted and when they are legal. Restrain clauses are those clauses wherein the employer in order to protect its confidentially, good will, etc imposes restrictions on the employees and does not allow any employee to transfer the information of the company to any other person. The restrain clause is only enforceable when the same is part of the employment contract. The restrain clauses normally incorporate two kinds of restrain, that is, to prohibit an employee to work at some geographical region or to prohibit to carry the trade for some specific time period and is analyzed in Murray v Yorkshire Fund ManagersLtd. Any restrain clause which is availed by the employer is valid provided, firstly, the restrain is obtained by an employer to protect his valid interest in Law; secondly, at times the transportation of information by the employee may hamper the reputation and good will of the company which has been built over the years. So, in order to protect such good will which may get hampered because of the transportations of the information can be secured by relying on the restrain clause; thirdly, the disclosure of information by the employee may also hinder the companys confidentiality and in order to protect the same the employer is allowed to rely on the restrain clauses. But, the clauses that are imposed on the employees must be for a limited period of time. It was found in number of cases that the justified prohibition is from 1 month to 2 years. Any restriction beyond such period is found to be unjustified and such restrain clauses are found to be inoperative in nature[15]. If the employer wants to rely on the restrain clauses which prohibit an employee beyond two years that the employer has to prove that the imposition is justified on the ground of confidentially, legal interest or to protect goodwill. If the employee violates the restrain clause that is imposed upon him then he can be penalized and must face compensation, damages and injunction actions. Application of law Computers Pty Ltd is the company which was established in New South Wales. Chu was the operations manager and is acquainted with most of the company secretive and important information. He was working with Computers Pty Ltd from last five years but on attaining the age of 50, he was retired from Computers Pty Ltd. The Computers Pty Ltd was dealing in hardware/software business. Since Chu is acquainted with most of the confidential information of the business and is aware of the Computers Pty Ltd working, thus, he was prohibited to deal in the similar business in New South Wales for a period of two years. Thus, a restrain is imposed on Chu for two years. The clause that is imposed by Computers Pty Ltd on Chu is legal and valid because Chu was the operational manager and is aware of all the clients of Computers Pty Ltd. there are chances that he might solicit the employees of Computers Pty Ltd and then may compete with Computers Pty Ltd thereby hampering the goodwill of the company, so, as per Seven Network (Operations) Limited the restrain clause is valid. Also, as per Pearson, a two year restrain clause is found to be valid and legal. However, Chu has violated the clause by taking the shelf of separate legal entity principle. He incorporated a company in his wifes name wherein his wife was the sole shareholder. He established that the company is in the name of the company and is a separate legal entity thus he is not associated with the company in any manner. But by applying the principal in Gilford Motor, Chu was not considered as distinct from the company. The veil of the company was pierced and it is found that fraud is incurred by Chu with the help of his wife in order to mitigate the effect of the restrain clause. The company was dealing in the same trade in which Computers Pty Ltd was dealing in New South Wales. The company was incorporated with two years of the retirement of Chu. Thus, the clause was totally violated. Conclusion So, the action of Chu to establish a company in his wife name is a clear violation of the restrain clause. The piercing of veil principal is applied and the company established by Chu wife is hold to be formed by Chu himself thereby breaching the terms of the restrain clause. Bibliography Cassidy, Julie, Concise Corporations Law (Federation Press, 2006). Christensen, S. and Duncan, W, Sale of Businesses in Australia (Federation Press, 2009). Gibson, A and Fraser, D, Business Law 2014 (Pearson Education Australia, 2013). Malbon, J and Bishop, B, Australian Export: A Guide to Law and Practice (Cambridge University Press, 2006). Milman, David, Regulating Enterprise: Law and Business Organisation in the UK (Bloomsbury Publishing, 1999). Ramsay, I and Noakes, D, Piercing the Corporate Veil in Australia (2001) 19 Company and Securities Law Journal 250. Tomasic, Roman, Stephen Bottomley, Rob McQueen, Corporations Law in Australia (Federation Press, 2002) Gilford Motor Co Ltd v Horne[1933] Ch 935 Industry v Bottrill[1999] EWCA Civ 781. Lee v.Lees Air Farming Ltd[1961] AC 12. Murray v Yorkshire Fund ManagersLtd and another [1997]. Pearson v HRX Holdings Pty Ltd (2012). Salomon v A Salomon Co Ltd[1896] UKHL 1. Seven Network (Operations) Limited v Warburton (No 2) (2011). Woolworths Limited V Mark Konrad Olson (2014).

Old shoes free essay sample

In a way shoes are Just like friends. They come new and sparkly, shining their personality, all bright, soft and smooth and ready to be there for you through tough hard, soft and playful or Just horrible ground. You are the same way in return. You appreciate their new and friendly personality, thinking your friendship will never be the same, hope your friendship will grow with every small brown and muddy step.You cherish the shoes, you took time to save up for the shoes, you appreciate the shoes, you every now and then look back to that day when you first slipped that right brown leather sole out that awful dull box, you think of the Joy It gave you and how you hoped one day the shoe and you will one day come wonderful friends. But then, the shoes start getting worn out or you have had the shoes for a long time. We will write a custom essay sample on Old shoes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Either the friendship changes, the shoes grow old, they begin to sage and crinkle that smell of fresh leather and the feel Is gone, or new and bright shoes come along, ones that are In tune with the latest styles, ones that are bright, colorful and happy, ones ho draws In all the attention, not a single crack or crinkle to be seen. Are you going to hold on to your old shoes? The ones who have been through it all, the ones were every mark. Scratch, dent tells a different and exciting tale. I try to do the best I can, because sometimes those shoes are my favorite, they know my life story, they have walk the same path, over every obstacle, challenge and has the engraves of my feet in its old, dull brown soles to show it. They are reliable and even though they dont always sparkle and shine, they still are my best shoes.But maybe, a new friend is in order one that is young and not as experience one which still has to see what the worlds holds for it. Its a sad thing to say but, my old friend, the one with the wrinkly tip, that looks like an old little lady, sitting there, the one who will always smile as my feet slip into the perfect mould, although you are small and scratched I still love you my friend.I work up the courage, doing the same thing as when I met you my old reined, I asked for that new mate. A kind lady gave me a bright and shiny new box, I opened it to find a blue, purple and white shoe. As I slipped it on the cushions hugged my feet, they were soft and smooth, the top was made from Swede, the sides from leather and the sole was a soft sponge, but the thought of your rough touch still wonders my mind.As I pick you up my old friend to say a final good bye, I rub you rough leather surface and look at you scars, bumps, scratches and wrinkles, thinking jack on all the amazing memories we have created and all the challenges your brown dull leathery exterior has gone through to be the Ideal resting place and shelter for my feet. Its hard to lay you here In this box, I hope we will meet again, I hope your knowledge and wisdom will be a great source for all who follow, good bye my brown, coos, crinkle nosed friend, enjoy the wonders of your finally resting ground. Old shoes By casehardening bright brown leather sole out that awful dull box, you think of the Joy it gave you and meal of fresh leather and the feel is gone, or new and bright shoes come along, ones that are in tune with the latest styles, ones that are bright, colorful and happy, ones who draws in all the attention, not a single crack or crinkle to be seen. Are you going every mark, scratch, dent tells a different and exciting tale. I try to do the best I can, brown dull leathery exterior has gone through to be the ideal resting place and shelter for my feet. Its hard to lay you here in this box.

Comparison and Contrast Essay Writing Software - Save Time and Money by Using a Free Sample

Comparison and Contrast Essay Writing Software - Save Time and Money by Using a Free SampleFor anyone looking for a career change, it can be overwhelming to figure out what job to start with, and how to go about getting it. If you don't have a strong writing ability or you don't want to quit your current job, a good way to figure out what you would like to do is to use a comparison and contrast essay writing software, and write a cover letter for a position at your dream company.It's not as easy as it sounds. When you choose a free sample or application, it's really just a guide for how to go about filling out a resume. It will take time to learn how to write well, because you will need to get some practice in. There are also plenty of ways to get around the free samples, and these will end up taking time as well.There are tons of online lesson software programs that will help you get started quickly. These programs are free and are a lot of fun to use. You'll be able to learn by doi ng, so the more you use the program, the more likely you are to learn how to be good at it.After you have taken several online courses, it's a good idea to take a refresher course before you move on to another one. For many people, an online course will cost nothing, but it will help you sharpen your skills, build on what you already know, and get you back on track. While the 'free' websites may not offer much, when you use these, you won't have the headaches of other free applications.There are actually plenty of paid applications out there that you can choose from, including comparisons and contrast essay writing free samples. Many of these are just plug-and-play programs, but they will give you all the necessary tools to write well. Just like using an online course, you will also get to use it over again, and you can always refile your applications later if you decide to.Most of these programs include everything you need to write great essays, but there are some that specialize i n just essay writing. For example, there are sites that focus on writing for the SAT. When choosing between different ones, ask a professional editor if they offer any of these programs and also see if they offer any type of course.There are plenty of places to find a free sample, so go ahead and take a look. It could save you a lot of time and frustration. Remember, you don't have to settle for what comes along, especially when you can have a learning experience instead.

Blank 2 Essay

Blank 2 Essay Blank 2 Essay frontal lobe is the largest of the four lobes and occupies the upper forward half of each cerebral hemisphere, right behind your forehead. Involved with attention, personality, control of emotions and expression of emotional behaviour. -Higher order functions- Learning and memory -Decision making (making judgements)/reasoning -Planning -Movement -Language -Emotional control -Memory formation (primary motor cortex) Aphasia: Language disorder due to brain damage Damage to Broca's area also known as: Expressive aphasia Motor Aphasia non-fluent Aphasia primary motor cortex is specifically involved in controlling voluntary bodily movements through its control of skeletal muscles. Skeletal muscles are attached directly to bones and include the hand, arm, leg, back and facial muscles. Your skeletal muscles are involved when you smile, wiggle your toes, nod your head and bend to sit in a chair. The motor areas receive and process information about voluntary bodily movements; that is, intentional movements such as when you scratch your nose or pick up a pen and write. Each frontal lobe has a motor area called the primary motor cortex. The primary motor cortex controls our movements by sending neural messages to various parts of the body to make them move in the required way. association areas of each lobe receive and combine information from more specialised areas (such as sensory and motor areas and areas that store memories), allowing us to undertake more complex cognitive (mental) processes such as perceiving, thinking, learning, remembering, reasoning and so on. Broca’s area has a crucial role in the production of articulate speech; that is, speech that is clear and fluent. Broca’s area is also linked to and interacts with areas of the cerebral cortex that are involved with the meaning of words and the structure of sentences, as well as the specific parts of speech such as adjectives, prepositions and conjunctions. parietal lobe in each hemisphere receives and processes sensory information from the body and skin senses (called somatosensory information) and other sensory areas in the brain. It also sends information to other areas of the brain. Recognition Processing sensory information Pressure, pain, and touch & bodily movement sensations Location of objects in space (spatial perception) Motion detection Damage: Inability to feel an object touching you eg. a glove Inability to recognise the object that is touching them or to understand what the object actually does. primary somatosensory cortex (also called the primary sensory area and primary sensory cortex) receives and processes sensory information from the skin and body, enabling us to perceive bodily sensations. This sensory information includes: touch pressure and temperature from sensory receptors in the skin information about muscle movement and the position of limbs from sensory receptors in the muscles, tendons and joints. Narrow strip of cortex that processes sensory information about touch, limb location, pressure, pain and temperature all over Occipital Lobe- Cortical Regions Primary Visual Cortex- This is the primary area of the brain responsible for sight. Temporal Lobe Main function: hearing-auditory processes- Information retrieval (memory formation) (hippocampus) -organisation/comprehension -aspects of visual perception (identifying objects and recognising faces) -Emotional responses to sensory information and memories. Wernicke's Aphasia -Language comprehension is inhibited. Words and sentences are not clearly understood, and sentence formation may be inhibited or non-sensational Brainstem

Top 8 Reasons Non-Teachers Can Never Understand Our Job

Top 8 Reasons Non-Teachers Can Never Understand Our Job Believe it or not, I once had an older family member approach me at a party and say, â€Å"Oh, I want my son to talk to you about teaching because he wants a career that’s easy and not stressful.† I don’t even remember my response to this illogical and bizarre comment, but obviously this lady’s cluelessness made a major impression on me. I’m still confounded by this idea even ten years after the incident occurred. You may have been on the receiving end of similar comments, such as: You’re so lucky to have so much vacation time, especially summers off. Teachers have it so easy!You only have 20 students in your class. That’s not so bad!It must be so easy to teach elementary school. The children don’t have attitudes when they’re so young. All of these ignorant and annoying comments just go to show that people who aren’t in education simply can’t understand all of the work that goes into being a classroom teacher. Even many administrators seem to have forgotten about all of the trials and tribulations we face on the front lines of education. Summers Aren’t Enough Recovery Time I do believe that every teacher appreciates our vacation times. However, I know from experience that a summer vacation isn’t nearly enough time to recover (emotionally and physically) from the rigors of a typical school year. Similar to childbirth and moving houses, only time away can offer the necessary respite (and memory failure) that allows us to gather the strength and optimism required to attempt teaching anew in the fall. Besides, summers are shrinking and many teachers use this valuable time to earn advanced degrees and attend training courses. In the Primary Grades, We Deal With Gross Bathroom-related Issues Even a high school teacher could never understand some of the crises related to bodily functions that a typical K-3 teacher has to deal with on a regular basis. Potty accidents (and more instances too disgusting to reiterate here) are something that we can’t shy away from. I’ve had third grade students who still wear diapers and let me tell you – it’s stinky. Is there any amount of money or vacation time worth cleaning up vomit from the classroom floor with your own two hands? We’re Not Just Teachers The word â€Å"teacher† just doesn’t cover it. We’re also nurses, psychologists, recess monitors, social workers, parental counselors, secretaries, copy machine mechanics, and almost literally parents, in some instances, to our students. If you’re in a corporate setting, you can say, â€Å"That’s not in my job description.† When you’re a teacher, you have to be ready for everything and anything to be thrown at you on a given day. And there’s no turning it down. Everything’s Always Our Fault Parents, principals, and society in general blame teachers for every problem under the sun. We pour our hearts and souls into teaching and 99.99% of teachers are the most generous, ethical, and competent workers you can find. We have the best of intentions in a messed-up education system. But somehow we still get the blame. But we keep teaching and trying to make a difference. Our Job is Really Serious   When there’s a mistake or a problem, it’s often heart-breaking and important. In the corporate world, a glitch might mean a spreadsheet needs to be redone or a little money was wasted. But in education, the problems go much deeper: a child lost on a field trip, students lamenting parents in jail, a little girl sexually assaulted on the walk home from school, a boy being raised by his great-grandmother because everyone else in his life abandoned him. These are true stories that I’ve had to witness. The pure human pain gets to you after awhile, especially if you’re a teacher out to fix everything. We can’t fix everything and that makes the problems we witness hurt all the more. Work Outside the School Day Sure, school only lasts 5-6 hours per day. But that’s all we’re paid for and the job is constant. Our homes are cluttered with work and we stay up til all hours grading papers and preparing for future lessons. Many of us take phone calls and emails from parents during our â€Å"personal† time. The problems of the day weigh heavy on our minds all night and all weekend. Zero Flexibility When You’re a Classroom Teacher When you work in an office, you can simply call in sick when you wake up unexpectedly ill on a given morning. But, it’s extremely hard to be absent from work when you are a teacher, especially if it happens without notice or at the last minute. It can take several hours to prepare the lesson plans for a substitute teacher which hardly seems worth it when you’re only going to be absent for five or six hours of classroom time. You might as well just go teach the class yourself, right? And dont forget the last one... Teaching is Physically and Emotionally Taxing To put it bluntly: Since bathroom breaks are hard to come by, it’s said that teachers have the highest incidences of urinary and colon problems. There are also issues with varicose veins from having to stand all day. Plus, all of the above difficulty factors, combined with the isolated nature of being the only adult in a self-contained classroom, make the job especially grueling over the long term. So for all you non-teachers out there, keep these factors in mind the next time you envy a teacher for her summers off or feel the urge to say something about teachers having it easy. There are some things about the profession that only teachers can understand, but hopefully this little gripe session has shed some light on the true nature of the job! And now that we’ve got most of the complaints out of the way, keep an eye out for a future article that will celebrate the positive side of teaching!

Organization and transformation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Organization and transformation - Essay Example Personal Lessons 23 Organizational Lessons 24 References 26 Key Themes Value Creation; Market Share; Organisational Restructuring; Integration; Service and Product Enhancement; Organizational Innovation Introduction The world is moving with a rapid pace with the incorporation of large number of developmental activities being generated in the field of technology and human resources. In fact the growth of immense competition in the external environment of the company is demanding large number of transformational activities being pursued in the internal environment of the company. ... Further several foreign firms are also making huge foray into the so called protected markets by breaking down the trade barriers constructed by the governments of the day. (Levy & Merry, 1986, p.3-4).This need for organizational transformation has given birth to the concept of transformational leadership in the new organisation structures. The change management to be effective must strongly involve the incorporation of both human and technological resources in an optimal manner to achieve business objectives. Transformational leaders henceforth must endeavour to create change in the existing organisational culture through motivational leadership aimed at enhancing the productive aspects of the people concerned. The process of organizational transformation henceforth aims at rendering total human development in terms of enhancement of the aspects of self esteem and in creation of a secured job environment. People belonging to the change culture are found to gain vivid work experience s while working with the new organisational processes and systems. Thus this process helps in also cultivating the concept of a learning organization. Change management in the organization thus helps in building a learned workforce which would help the organization to reach to new boundaries in terms of both market share and revenues. (Chawla & Renesch, 2006, p.105-108). The revenues of the firm from 1990 to 2010 grew along a rapid pace and reached $ 9.5 billion in 2010 from a meagre $1.6 billion in 1999. The strategies incorporated by the Chairman of the company to achieve the above ends consisted of augmenting the value of the shareholders of the company and

In the instructions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

In the instructions - Essay Example The source has provided information in the use of satisfactory writing skills in both manual and online publications. It has highlighted the differences between the two fields while showing ways of improving the writing skills. In most cases, online sources do not seem to focus much on the writing skills and vocabularies as compared to books. It has emphasized on understanding the audience and publishing sector before engaging in writing skills. The source will help in the research as it provides examples on internet sources and audiences with diverse comprehending activities. The book’s topic provides a clear approach on various ways to improve writing skills in students. The main discussed principles include the pre-writing, drafting, editing, revising, and publishing. The procedure has been revealed in the chapters to ensure starters have an idea of perfect writing skills. The book has also offered tips and examples in every stage; hence, a thorough comprehension of the principles. The book focuses on the key areas behind improving the writing process that depend on various cognitive skills, which will is of substantial concern for the research topic. For example, the knowledge, comprehension, application, and the analysis comprehension skills will play a significant role in the research process. The publication has recommended various principles in writing English as a language. It has focused on one way of communication then provided detailed information in comprehending and writing the chosen language. It has started with understanding word order and the different pronunciations used in literature. The chapters have provided examples where long sentences have been broken down to recognize the word order and use of syllables. The book has also provided knowledge on the use of vocabularies at the appropriate stage in the sentences.

Asceticism - The Joy of Fasting, Flagellation and Self-mutilation Essay

Asceticism - The Joy of Fasting, Flagellation and Self-mutilation In order to achieve a spiritual understanding, people have subjected themselves to extreme self denial through fasting, flagellation and self-mutilation (The Columbia Encyclopedia). This practice of self mortification is known as asceticism. Asceticism has been known to exist since the commencement of recorded religion. This zealous religious practice is associated with many religions, including Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, and Christianity (The Columbia Encyclopedia). Derived from the Greek work askesis, asceticism adheres to its definition of exercise, training, and discipline- â€Å"Ascetical practices are human strategies for spiritual living. They have elements of effort and method, deprivation, and voluntary suffering† (Larkin, O. Carm). Practicing ascetics strive for the enhancement of spiritual life as their ultimate goal. Asceticism has been implicated by many of its followers in order to â€Å"produce visions†¦mourn the dead†¦sharpen spiritual awareness†¦or reach accord with a god† (The Columbia Encyclopedia). The self-denying procedure is also a way in which to subdue sin within one’s life and restrain one’s evil inclinations. Asceticism takes many forms. It can be applied broadly as an aspect of all cultures, as social asceticism. The social regulations that control society stress individual control. Without this self-control, society would fail to survive. This method of asceticism is loosely based upon the guidelines of discipline. The more severe forms of asceticism involve those who seek a profound spiritual journey. The drastic measures taken in order to fulfill the idea of self denial ofte... ...re.com/depts/medmuseum/galleryexhibits/artthatheals/12imagesandasceticism.html Mercier, Jacques. Art That Heals: the Image as Medicine in Ethiopia. New York: Prestel Books and the Museum for African Art, 1997. This website is entitled â€Å"Images and Asceticism.† In Maugham’s The Moon and Sixpence, Charles Strickland was a character that had an ascetic ideal in his artistic environment. These images display scenes of asceticism and the sufferings that were endured in the practice. http://www.philamuseum.org/exhibitions/installations/spiritual.shtml This website also displays a painting of asceticism as was practiced in India. http://www.themystica.com/mystica/articles/a/asceticism.html This website provides a detailed background and history of asceticism. It highlights interesting stories that account for the origination of the religious practice.

Hr Maxa

Training and Developing Employees Multiple Choice 1. _____ provides new employees with the basic background information required to perform their jobs satisfactorily. a. Employee recruitment b. Employee selection c. Employee orientation d. Employee development e. Training (c; easy; p. 268) 2. Orientation typically includes information on _____. a. employee benefits b. personnel policies c. daily routine d. safety measures e. all of the above (e; easy; p. 268) 3. The methods used to give new or present employees the skills they need to perform their jobs are called _____. a. orientation b. training c. development d. ppraisal e. management (b; easy; p. 270) 4. Employers use a(n) _____ to ensure that employees are working toward organizational goals. a. performance management process b. employee orientation program c. management by objectives program d. rewards program e. just-in-time system (a; moderate; p. 270)5. Which of the following has the highest influence on organizational effec tiveness? a. appraisal b. feedback c. training d. goal-setting e. technology (d; moderate; p. 270) 6. The first step in a training program is to _____. a. assess the program’s successes or failures b. present the program to a small test audience . design the program content d. conduct a needs analysis e. train the targeted group of employees (d; moderate; p. 270) 7. What is the second step in the training process? a. assess the program’s successes or failures b. present the program to a small test audience c. design the program content d. conduct a needs analysis e. train the targeted group of employees (c; moderate; p. 270) 8. The third step in the training process is to _____. a. assess the program’s successes or failures b. present the program to a small test audience c. design the program content d. conduct a needs analysis e. rain the targeted group of employees (b; moderate; p. 270) 9. The fourth step in the training process is to _____. a. assess the prog ram’s successes or failures b. present the program to a small test audience c. design the program content d. conduct a needs analysis e. train the targeted group of employees (e; moderate; p. 270) 10. What is the final step in the training process? a. assess the program’s successes or failures b. present the program to a small test audience c. design the program content d. conduct a needs analysis e. train the targeted group of employees (a; moderate; p. 270) 11.James is currently identifying the specific job performance skills needed, analyzing the skills of prospective trainees, and developing knowledge and performance objectives based on the deficiencies he finds. James is working on the _____ step in the training and development process. a. first b. second c. third d. fourth e. fifth (a; moderate; p. 270) 12. Which of the following is not a consideration when designing a training program that motivates the trainees? a. provide the opportunity to apply the material b. provide prompt feedback c. utilize a half or three-fourths day schedule d. pay the trainees for the time spent in training . allow trainees to set their own pace (d; moderate; p. 271) 13. Which of the following is recommended for training sessions to maximize learning? a. a full day b. a half-day c. one hour d. three hours e. two hours (b; moderate; p. 272) 14. If an employer fails to train an employee adequately and an employee subsequently does harm to a third party, the court could find the employer liable for ____. a. negligent hiring b. discrimination c. negligent trainingd. occupational fraud e. adverse action (c; moderate; p. 272) 15. Which of the following steps will not help employers protect themselves against charges of negligent training? . confirm employee claims of skill and experience b. provide extensive training c. evaluate the degree to which training lowers risks associated with job d. pay employees for time spent in training e. all of the above will help emplo yers protect themselves (d; difficult; p. 272) 16. Under which situation below, should an employer pay an employee for time spent in training? a. the training program is voluntary b. the training program is directly related to the trainee’s job c. the trainee does not perform any productive work during the program d. he training program is conducted outside working hours e. the training provides no immediate benefit to the employer (b; difficult; p. 273) 17. _____ is a detailed study of the job to determine what specific skills the job requires. a. Needs analysis b. Task analysis c. Performance analysis d. Training strategy e. Development planning (b; easy; p. 273) 18. Employers can supplement the job description and specification with a _____ that consolidates information regarding required tasks and skills in a format that is helpful for determining training requirements. a. erformance record form b. training assessment form c. task analysis record form d. skill sheet e. wo rk function analysis (c; moderate; p. 273) 19. A task analysis record form contains all of the following information except a. task list b. required skill set c. quality of performanced. employee name e. performance conditions (d; moderate; p. 273) 20. Employers can identify training needs for new employees by _____. a. reviewing job descriptions b. reviewing performance standards c. performing the job d. questioning current job holders e. all of the above (e; easy; p. 73) 21. The process of verifying that there is a performance deficiency and determining if such deficiency should be corrected through training or through some other means is called _____. a. needs analysis b. task analysis c. performance analysis d. training strategy e. development planning (c; moderate; p. 273) 22. The first step in a performance analysis is to _____. a. compare the person’s performance to ideal performance b. evaluate productivity per employee c. assess number of employee-related customer co mplaints d. evaluate supervisor performance reviews e. onduct tests of job knowledge (a; moderate; p. 273) 23. Sources of performance deficiencies in an employee may develop from a lack of _____. a. training b. supplies c. support systems d. rewards e. all of the above (e; moderate; p. 273) 24. _____ means having a person learn a job by actually doing it. a. Practice b. On-the-job training c. Socialization d. Social learning e. Modeling (b; easy; p. 275) 25. Which of the following training methods is the most popular? a. on-the-job training b. apprenticeship training c. informal learning d. job instruction training e. lectures (a; moderate; p. 275) 26.On-the-job training can be accomplished through the use of all of the following techniques except a. coaching b. programmed learning c. understudy d. job rotation e. special assignments (b; moderate; p. 275) 27. Rebekah was hired soon after graduation and assigned to complete a management trainee program. She will move to various jobs each month for a nine-month period of time. Her employer is utilizing the _____ form of training. a. job rotation b. understudy c. coaching d. special assignments e. informal learning (a; moderate; p. 275) 28. Jack hopes to be promoted to head of his department next year.In the meantime, he has been assigned to spend a year as assistant to the current department head. This is an example of the _____ form of training. a. job rotation b. job instruction c. coaching d. special assignments e. informal learning (c; moderate; p. 275) 29. Which of the following guidelines is intended to â€Å"Prepare the Learner† for success using on-the-job training? a. explain performance quality requirements b. go through the job at the normal work pace c. designate to whom the learner should go for help d. familiarize the worker with equipment, materials, and tools e. compliment good work (d; moderate; p. 276) 0. Which of the following guidelines is intended to â€Å"Present the Operation† when taking the steps for success using on-the-job training? a. put the learner at ease b. have the learner explain the steps as the trainer goes through the job at a slow pace c. explain the whole job d. create interest in the job e. compliment good work (b; moderate; p. 276) 31. The â€Å"Do a Tryout† step for success when using on-the-job training entails all of the following except _____. a. finding out what the learner already knows about this job b. having the learner go through the job several times while explaining each step c. unning the job at the normal pace d. having the learner do the job while gradually building up skill and speed e. correcting mistakes as the learner goes through the job (a; moderate; p. 276) 32. Which of the following is not part of the â€Å"Follow Up† step in ensuring success from on-the-job training? a. decrease supervision b. correct faulty work patterns c. explain quantity and quality requirements d. designate to whom the learner should go for help e. compliment good work (c; moderate; p. 276) 33. The first step to ensuring success for on-the-job training programs is to _____. a. present the operation b. ollow up c. do a tryout d. prepare the learner e. evaluate the program (d; easy; p. 276) 34. When low expectations on the trainer’s part translate into poor trainee performance, this is called the _____. a. golem effect b. expectations fallacy c. what you ask for is what you get effect d. expectancy risk e. trainer bias (a; moderate; p. 275) 35. A structured process by which people become skilled workers through a combination of classroom instruction and on-the-job training is called _____. a. job instruction training b. understudy training c. programmed learning d. apprenticeship training e. coaching (d; easy; p. 276) 6. Which form of on-the-job training usually involves having a learner study under the tutelage of a master craftsperson? a. job instruction training b. understudy training c. programm ed learning d. apprenticeship training e. coaching (d; easy; p. 276) 37. All of the following occupations except _____ use apprenticeship training to prepare trainees. a. cook b. electrician c. millwright d. operating engineer e. teacher (e; moderate; p. 276) 38. When jobs consist of a logical sequence of steps and are best taught step-by-step, the appropriate training method to use is _____. a. job instruction training b. informal learning . job rotation d. programmed learning e. apprenticeship training (a; moderate; p. 277) 39. The first step in using a job instruction training program is to _____. a. prepare the worker b. list all necessary steps in the job c. order the steps in the job d. list key points or guidelines for each step e. present the operation (b; moderate; p. 277) 40. A disadvantage of lecturing as a method of training is that it is _____. a. fast b. appropriate for large groups c. allow questions from the audience d. boring e. less expensive than written materials (d; easy; p. 278) 41. _____ is a step-by-step self-learning method. a.Job instruction training b. Programmed learning c. Apprenticeship training d. Lecturing e. Job rotation (b; easy; p. 279) 42. Which of the following is not an advantage of programmed learning? a. reduction in training time b. facilitation of learning c. reduced feeling of risk on the part of the learner d. learning similar to that with textbook e. immediate feedback provided (d; moderate; p. 279) 43. Functional illiteracy is defined as _____. a. reading below 9th grade level b. the inability to handle basic reading, writing, and arithmetic c. the inability to understand standard industry terminology d. roficiency in math and reading skills at the 8th grade level and above e. all of the above (b; moderate; p. 279) 44. Employers are responding to the problem of functional illiteracy by _____. a. testing the basic skills of job candidates b. instituting literacy programs at work c. conducting literacy audits d. hold ing formal classes on math and reading e. all of the above (e; easy; p. 279) 45. Because illiterate employees will usually try to hide their problem, supervisors can try to identify illiteracy problems by looking for employees who _____. a. do not follow written instructions b. take forms home to complete . are multilingual d. both a and b e. all of the above (d; moderate; p. 279) 46. Which of the following goals is the focus of diversity training? a. to create cross-cultural sensitivity b. to foster harmonious working relationships c. to improve interpersonal skills d. to socialize employees into the corporate culture e. all of the above (e; moderate; p. 280) 47. An advantage of conventional lecturing over the use of audiovisual-based training is that _____. a. audiovisuals are more boring b. audiovisuals are more expensive c. audiovisuals allow for instant replay and stop-action d. udiovisuals can show events that are not easily demonstrated in live lectures e. audiovisuals can be easily sent to all locations (b; moderate; p. 280) 48. Another term for vestibule training is _____. a. apprenticeship training b. computer-based training c. cubicle training d. simulated training e. job instruction training (d; moderate; p. 281) 49. _____ is a method in which trainees learn on actual or simulated equipment but are trained away from the job. a. Vestibule training b. Apprenticeship training c. Retreat training d. Cubicle training e. Job instruction training (a; moderate; p. 281) 50.Pilots train on flight simulators for safety, learning efficiency, and cost savings. This is an example of _____. a. apprenticeship training b. on-the-job training c. simulated training d. coaching e. programmed learning (c; easy; p. 281) 51. _____ are computer-based training systems that learn what the trainee did right and wrong and then adjusts the instructional sequence to the trainee’s unique needs. a. Programmed learning b. Multi-media training c. DVD training programs d. Int elligent tutoring systems e. Programmed instruction (d; moderate; p. 281) 52. All of the following are advanced types of computer-based training except _____. . interactive gaming systems b. intelligent tutoring systems c. interactive multimedia training d. virtual reality training e. all of the above are advanced types of computer-based training systems (a; moderate; p. 281) 53. A(n) _____ is a set of instruction, diagrams, or similar methods available at the job site to guide the worker. a. instruction sheet b. job aid c. task analysis record form d. skill sheet e. work function analysis (b; easy; p. 282) 54. United Airlines utilizes a checklist of things that pilots should do prior to take-off and landing. This checklist is an example of a(n) _____. a. job aid b. nstruction sheet c. task analysis form d. work function analysis e. skill sheet (a; moderate; p. 282) 55. Travel agents at Apollo Travel Services follow a computer program that displays question prompts and dialogue boxe s with travel policies as the agent enters information about the consumer’s travel plans. This is an example of a(n) _____. a. job aid b. electronic performance support system c. intelligent tutoring system d. computer-managed instruction e. computer-based training (b; moderate; p. 282) 56. With _____, a trainer in a central location teaches groups of employees at remote locations via television hookups. . lecturing b. audiovisual-based instruction c. teletraining d. teleteaching e. distance learning (c; easy; p. 283) 57. Any attempt to improve managerial performance by imparting knowledge, changing attitudes, or increasing skills is called _____. a. diversity training b. on-the-job training c. performance improvement programs d. management development e. coaching (d; easy; p. 285) 58. The _____ process consists of 1) assessing the company’s strategic needs, 2) appraising the current performance of managers, and 3) developing the managers. a. management development b. management skills inventory c. succession planning . action planning e. performance support (a; moderate; p. 285) 59. The _____ process consists of 1) anticipating management needs, 2) reviewing the firm’s management skills inventory, and 3) creating replacement charts. a. management development b. management skills inventory c. succession planning d. action planning e. performance support (c; moderate; p. 285) 60. Which on-the-job training method is used for managerial positions? a. job rotation b. coaching c. action learning d. outside seminars e. all of the above (e; easy; p. 286) 61. In a(n) _____, carefully selected teams tackle real world business rograms that extend beyond their usual areas of expertise and receive coaching and feedback on their work. a. management development program b. action learning program c. role playing program d. job instruction program e. understudy program (b; moderate; p. 286) 62. The transparent, but often impermeable barrier that women fac e when trying to move to top management is called the _____. a. glass ceiling b. glass wall c. invisible corner office d. iron wall e. Mount Everest (a; easy; p. 287) 63. _____ is a special approach to organizational change in which the employees formulate the change that’s required and implement it. a.Managerial development b. Action research c. Succession planning d. Organizational development e. Participative management (d; moderate; p. 290) 64. Which of the following is not an application of organizational development? a. human process b. technostructural c. human resource management d. strategic e. interventions (e; moderate; p. 290) 65. The basic aim of _____ is to increase the participant’s insight into his or her own behavior and the behavior of others by encouraging an open expression of feelings in a trainer-guided group. a. sensitivity training b. action research c. group therapy d. diversity training e. coaching a; moderate; p. 295) 66. Which of the followi ng organizational development techniques focuses on technostructural applications? a. t-groups b. process consultation c. quality circles d. team building e. goal setting (c; moderate; p. 295) 67. Which organizational development application involves examples like goal setting, performance appraisal, and employee wellness? a. human process b. strategic c. technostructural d. human resource management e. process consultation (d; easy; p. 295) 68. Which of the following is not measured to evaluate a training program? a. organizational productivity b. participants’ reactions to the program . what trainees learned from the program d. changes in on-the-job behavior e. training objectives achieved (a; moderate; p. 299) 69. In a _____, measures are taken before and after the training program so they can be compared to assess the effectiveness of the program. a. Soloman four-factor design b. time series design c. controlled experiment d. post-test only design e. factorial design (b; moderate; p. 299) 70. When _____ are measured to assess the effectiveness of a training program, variables such as liking of the program, satisfaction with the program, and attitude toward the program are assessed. a. earning outcomes b. behavioral outcomes c. results d. reactions e. productivity levels (d; moderate; p. 299) True/ False 71. Employee orientation programs range from brief, informal introductions to lengthy, formal courses. (T; easy; p. 268) 72. Orientation refers to the methods used to give new or present employees the skills they need to perform their jobs. (F; easy; p. 268) 73. Most employers do not develop their own training materials. (T; easy; p. 271) 74. Training sessions should be half-day or three-fourths day in length rather than a full day, because the learning curve goes down late in the day. T; easy; p. 272) 75. Employers face the same consequences for discriminating against protected individuals when selecting candidates for training programs as they woul d in selecting candidates for jobs. (T; moderate; p. 272) 76. Employers must always pay employees for attending training programs. (F; moderate; p. 273) 77. The main task in analyzing current employees’ training needs is to determine what the job entails, break the job down into subtasks, and then teach each subtask to the employee. (F; moderate; p. 273) 78.Performance analysis is a detailed study of a job to determine what specific skills the job requires. (F; easy; p. 273) 79. The golem effect refers to the occurrence of poor trainee performance caused by low expectations for success by the trainer. (T; moderate; p. 275) 80. A disadvantage of on-the-job training is its expense. (F; easy; p. 275) 81. The American Society for Training and Development estimates that only about 20% of what employees learn on the job is learned through informal means while the rest is learned through formal training programs. F; moderate; p. 277) 82. Job instruction training is a step-by-step se lf-learning method which uses a textbook, computer, or the Internet. (F; moderate; p. 277) 83. Some estimate that 50% of the U. S. population reads below the eighth-grade level with about 90 million adults considered functionally illiterate. (T; moderate; p 279) 84. Literacy training is sometimes a part of a diversity training program. (T; moderate; p. 279) 85. Computer-managed instruction (CMI) is able to provide some of the primary characteristics of a human tutor. (F; difficult; p. 281) 86.Intelligent computer-assisted instruction (ICAI) is more advanced than intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) for providing tutoring. (F; difficult; p. 281) 87. Succession planning is a type of management development program. (T; easy; p. 286) 88. Lewin’s change process consists of unfreezing, moving, and refreezing. (T; easy; p. 292) 89. Management development is a special approach to organizational change in which the employees themselves formulate the change that is required and implement it. (F; moderate; p. 285) 90. Organizational development usually involves action research. T; moderate; p. 294) 91. Sensitivity training seeks to increase participants’ insight into their own behavior and the behavior of others by encouraging an open expression of feelings in a trainer guided t-group. (T; moderate; p. 295) 92. Survey research is a convenient way to unfreeze a company’s management and employees by providing comparative, graphic illustration of the fact that the organization does have problems to solve. (T; easy; p. 295) 93. OD applications in human resource management involve changing firm structure, methods, and job design to improve efficiency and roductivity. (F; moderate; p. 295) 94. Survey research is a technostructural OD technique. (F; moderate; p. 295) 95. Human resource management OD applications use action research to enable employees to analyze and change their firm’s personnel practices such as performance appraisal and reward system s. (T; easy; p. 295) 96. Integrated strategic management is an OD method of developing and implementing a strategic change plan. (T; easy; p. 295) 97. A survey of employee attitudes towards the training program is the most frequently used assessment method. (F; moderate; p. 96) 98. When designing a training evaluation study, one can use a time series design or a controlled experiment. (T; moderate; p. 299) 99. When a training program is evaluated by measuring the outcomes of a group who receives the training and another group that receives no training, it is called a time series design. (F; moderate; p. 299) 100. The four categories of training outcomes are reactions, learning, behavior, and results. (T; easy; p. 299) Essay/ Short Answer 101. What four things should a successful orientation program accomplish? (moderate; p. 268)Answer: New employees should feel welcome and at ease. New employees should understand the organization in a broad sense including its past, present, culture , and vision for the future. They should be clear about what is expected in terms of work and behavior. They should have begun the socialization process into the firm’s way of doing things. 102. Training is not useful if the trainee lacks the motivation to benefit from it. The more meaningful the material, the more motivated an employee should be to learn. How can a manager make training material more meaningful for employees? easy; p. 271) Answer: There are five suggestions for making training material more meaningful for employees. First, an overall picture of the training material that will be presented should be provided at the start of training. Second, familiar examples should be used. Third, the information should be logically organized and presented. Fourth, the vocabulary used during training should be familiar to the trainees. Fifth, many visual aids should be used. 103. There are several sources of information an employer can use to identify a current employee†™s training needs.List five of these sources of information. (moderate; p. 273) Answer: The possible sources of information include performance reviews (supervisor, peer, self, and 360 degree); job-related performance data such as productivity, absenteeism and tardiness, accidents, short-term sickness, grievances, waste, late deliveries, product quality, downtime, repairs equipment utilization, and customer complaints; observation by supervisors or other specialists; interviews with the employee or the supervisor; skill tests; attitude surveys; employee task diaries; and assessment center results. 104.Trainers often try to solve employee performance deficiencies with training, but some deficiencies can’t be overcome with training. What other causes might exist for performance deficiency from an employee? (easy; p. 274) Answer: Training is appropriate if the problem is caused by the employee failing to understand how to do, what to do, or what the standards for performance a re. However, if employees are not provided with the proper resources for doing a job well then training cannot solve this problem. Likewise, if employees have the necessary knowledge and resources, then the may not be motivated to improve performance. 05. There are several types of on-the-job training. Identify and describe three types. Which one is used most often? Why? (moderate; p. 275) Answer: The types of on-the-job training include the coaching or understudy method, the job rotation method, and the special assignments method. Using the understudy method, an experienced worker or the trainee’s supervisor trains the employee. At lower levels, the trainee might observe the supervisor, but it is also used at higher levels. Job rotation means that an employee moves from job to job at planned intervals. This is common in management training programs.Special assignments give employees firsthand experience in working on actual problems. The coaching or understudy method is used most often. It is the simplest to execute and still offers the advantages of OTJ training. 106. What advantages are associated with on-the-job training? (moderate; p. 275 Answer: OJT is relatively inexpensive. Trainees learn while producing and there is no need for expensive training facilities like classrooms or programmed learning devices. OJT also facilitates learning because trainees learn by doing and get prompt feedback on their performance. 107.On-the-job training can be enhanced if trainers know the four-step job instruction technique. What are the four steps in job instruction? Explain what happens in each step. (moderate; p. 276) Answer: The four steps in job instruction are to 1) prepare the learner, 2) present the operation, 3) do a tryout, and 4) follow up. In the first step, the trainer should try to put the learner at ease and relieve tension. The trainer should explain why the trainee is being taught. The trainer should create interest in the training by encouraging questions and finding out what the learner already knows.The job should be explained to the trainee along with making sure the trainee is familiar with the equipment, materials, tools, and terminology of the trade. In the second step, the trainer should explain the quantity and quality requirements of the job. The job should be gone through at a normal pace and then at a slower pace several times while explaining each step. After the steps have been covered, the learner should explain the steps to the trainer while the trainer goes through the job at a slow pace. In the third step, the learner should go through the job several times slowly while explaining each step.Mistakes should be corrected. Then the learner should do the job at a normal pace. This should continue while the learner builds up skill and speed. Once the learner has demonstrated ability to do the job, the work should begin, but the trainer should stay close by. In the final step, the trainer should designate a cont act person the learner can reach for help. Supervision should be gradually decreased but work should still be checked periodically for quality and quantity standards. Any faulty work patterns should be corrected.Finally good work should be complimented and the worker encouraged until able to performance standards. 108. Describe the programmed learning training method and explain the three parts of this form of instruction. (moderate; p. 279) Answer: Programmed learning is a step-by-step self-learning method using a medium such as a textbook, computer, or the Internet. The three parts of the method include presenting questions, facts, and problems to the learner, allowing the person to respond, and then providing feedback on the accuracy of answers. 109. What is the goal of succession planning?What steps are involved in the process? (moderate; p. 286) Answer: Succession planning refers to the process through which a company plans for and fills senior-level openings. The typical succe ssion planning process involves several steps. First, anticipate management needs based on factors like planned expansion. Next, review the firm’s management skills inventory to assess current talent. Then, create replacement charts that summarize potential candidates and each person’s development needs. 110. Changing employee attitudes, skills, and behaviors can be difficult.Explain how Lewin’s Change Process proposes how change should be implemented. (moderate; p. 292) Answer: To Lewin, all behavior in organizations is a product of two kinds of forces – those striving to maintain the status quo and those pushing for change. Implementing change means either weakening the status quo forces or building up the forces for change. Lewin’s change process consists of three steps: 1) unfreezing the forces that seek to maintain the status quo, 2) moving to develop new behaviors and attitudes, and 3) refreezing the organization into its new system to preven t it from reverting to its old ways.